Door and door attachment for grain-cars



(N0 Model.)

O. O DUFFY.

DOOR AND DOOR ATTACHMENT FOR GRAIN OARs.

No. 278,895. PatentedJune 5.1883.

INVENTOR I %AM% 9% v 8 5 V I ATTORNEYS.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE,

CHARLES C. DUFFY, OF NEVPOR T NEW'S, VIRGIN 1A..

DOOR AND DOOR ATTACHMENT FOR GRAIN-CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,895, dated June 5, 1883,

Application filed October 2, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OHaRLEs C. DUFFY, of Newport News, in the county of lVarwick and State of Virginia, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Doors and Door-Attachments for Grain-Cars, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, ret erence being had to the annexed drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention has for its object to provide a pair of doors for a grain railway-car which shall be so constructed that the weight of the grain or lateral pressure due to the weight of the grain may be utilized in opening the doors when the car is to be unloaded, to the end that the operation of unloading may be performed with convenience and dispatch.

The invention consists of the doors and door attachments hereinafter described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a grain-car embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line w 00 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is aperspective view of the door-hinge and its supporting-plate.

In the shipment of grain it is customary to load the cars about half full, and to prevent the grain from coming in contact with the outer side doors an inner door formed in one piece, of about half the height of the outer door, is arranged against the inner surface of the doorframe, to support the lateral pressure of the grain at that point. Such a door, however, is more or less difficult to open, owing to the fact that it must be lifted bodily upward against the lateral pressure of the grain. I- therefore construct the inner door of two parts, A B, of substantially the same size, and provide each part with an offset, 0, at each end, extending from the top to the bottom thereof. 7 The two offsets of each part or door are formed in opposite sides of the door from each other, in order that when the doors are placed together end to end in such manner as to overlap each other the offset portions may fit together and form a close joint, while the ofi'sets at the opposite ends of the doors shall fit against the j ambs of the door-frame, and likewise form close joints to prevent the escape of grain when the doors are in position.

As a means of supporting the doors at their jambs.

central joint, a vertical bar, D, is to be used, which shall be removably secured to the top and bottom of the door-frame. This bar may have a projection or tenon at its upper end, fitting in amortise in the door-frame, and a bolt at its lower end, adapted to engage with a keeper in the door-sill. The upper end of the bar D may also be hinged to the top of the door-frame, 'to prevent it from falling when the bolt at the lower end is drawn and the grain forces the doors open. If desired, the bar D maybe arranged horizontally instead of vertically, with its ends secured to the door-frame.

WVhile the doors A B may be used without hinges, it may also be desirable to have them provided with hinges. I11 the latter event it would be desirable to have the hinges so constructed that they may be easily detached from the ja-mbs, in order that the doors may be removed in case other kinds of freight are to be shipped in the cars, and also because when the cars are empty the doors will not be held firmly in position, and may be vibrated and unnecessarily worn by the movement of the train. I therefore provide the hinge E, consisting ofthe single strap F and the block G, having "ertical grooves H on opposite sides thereof. The

strap is to be secured to the outer surface of the door, as shownin the drawings, and the block is to be inserted through or partly through a key-hole slot, I, in a plate, J, secured to the door-j amb. The plate J may be made to extend from the top to thebottom of the door, and be provided with two key-hole slots for the two hinges of the door. The jainb, of course,

is to be recessed to receive that part of the block inserted through the slot. ,The grooves in the block will receive the edges of the slot in the plate and firmly hold the block in position. To remove the doors they are to be lifted until the blocks are brought to the larger part of the slots, and then moved endwise from the It is evident that the above-described hinge is also adapted for use on all kinds of removable or temporary doors.

To hold the doors A B down to the sill, bolts of any convenient kind may be secured thereto, and provided with keepers in the jambs and in the bar D.

As the above-described hinge will be made the subject-matter of a separate application for patent, it is not claimed in the present appli cation.

5 \Vhat I claim is 1. The combination ofthetwo doors, adapted to form a vertical joint with each other at or near the center of the doorway, with the doorjambs and the supporting-bar D, whereby the IO doors may be opened, when desired, by the lateral pressure of the grain in the car, as specified.

2. The combination of the two doors, provided with offsets to form joints with each other and with the door-jambs, and arranged 15 to swing outward, as described, with the door frame and the movable bar D, substantially as specified.

CHARLES C. DUFFY.

Vitnesses:

SOLON G; KEMON, A. G. LYNE. 

